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SUN KINK

 

(OLD)

Under extreme heat or heat fluctuations, rail expansion can cause rail buckling or a sun kink. The buckling occurs due to the expansion as a result of high rail temperatures. Buckling causes the track to shift laterally and sometimes vertically, resulting in a deformation that deviates from the normal track alignment. Buckling usually occurs in the afternoon and early evening hours, over the course of a hot day when rail stresses are highest. (Heat Order Issues Technical Memorandum December 15, 2008 Prepared by: Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation)

 

(NEW/ BETTER)

 A sun kink is a creeping together of rails of a railroad track. The term indicates that the rails were thrown out of line by expansion, due to the heat of the sun. The expansion metals under the influence of  heat is very slight. A mile of iron rails, for an elevation of temperature of 100 degree Fahr., only expands two feet eight and one half inches. This is so little as to be readily taken up by the one hundred and seventy-six joints that exist in that length of rails. If the rails were laid in very cold weather, in solid contact with each other, then, on a warm, sunny day, a considerable disalignment could be produced. 

(Popular Science Eyl 1884, p. 652)

(Judicial and Statutory Definitions of Words and Phrases, 4. Cilt)