Photo transistors:
These detectors produce electrical current proportional to input light intensity.
Phototransistors provide higher sensitivity (i.e., higher current) than do photodiodes but operate at much lower response times (milliseconds versus nanoseconds).
(Manufacturing: Design, Production, Automation and Integration Page 385)
Robot-Human Charts
Robot-Human Charts originally prepared by Nof, Knight, and Salvendy are developed with two functions in mind, namely to aid engineers in determining whether a robot can perform a job and to serve as a guideline and reference for robot spesifications. The robot-human charts can also be useful in job design of combined systems, which integrate both robots and human operators. They contain three principal types of work characteristics.
1. Physical skills and characteristics, including manipulation, body dimensions, strength and power, consistency, overload, underload performance, and enviromental constraints.
2. Mental and communicative characteristics. The robot-human charts contain mental and communicative system attributes for robots and humans.
3. Energy considerations. A comparison of representative values of energy-related characteristics, such as power requirements, and energy efficiency for robots and humans.
(Manufacturing: Design, Production, Automation and Integration Page 272-274)
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