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Trepanning

Trepanning is a proccess in which the beam initially pieces and then moves around the perimeter of the proposed hole essentially to cut out the shape of the hole. Almost any shaped hole can be cut this way .

First invloves acceleration , translation , deceleration and settiling of either the part or the laser beam for each laser pulse.This apporach takes additional time , but has the benefit of enabling so called spiral trepanning , where initial and final laser penetration can occur at a location with in the preimeter of the hole. (Laser Material Processing ; William M. Steen,Jyotiromoy Mazumder , pg.149 , 2010) (22:10)

Vibration Welding

Vibration friction welding of termoplastics involves the rubbing together under axial force of two injection molded thermoplastic components in a linear , sinusodial reciprocating motion . The friction heat generated at the weld interface by the rubbing action must be sufficient to melt and allow the flow of thermoplastic material. (Plastics and composites welding handbook ; Avraham Benatar , pg 190 , 2003)

Laser Dopler Vibrometer

Laser Dopler Vibrometer provides the velocity signal of the object using the doppler frequency change occured between the incident light and the scattered light reflectd from the surface of the moving objects. The vibration mode shape can be obtained by modulating the collected data of the discrete points. To increase spatial resolution of the vibration mode , many dicrete points are needed , which yields the problem of huge amount of data and increased testing time. (Mechatronic Systems ; M. Tomizuka ; pg :481 , 2002) (22:50)

Plunge Milling

This is high performance roughing technique in which a milling tool is moved multiple times in succession in the direction of its tool axis or of its tool vector into the material area that is to be removed , forming plunge- milling bores . The bores are superposed to eliminate the material of pocket or zone.

This technique is also referred to as milling in the z-axis ; its more efficient than conventional endmilling for porketing and slotting difficult – to- machine materials and applications with long overhangs. (Machining of Hard Materials ; J. Paulo Davim ; pg:78 ; First Edition) (23:00)