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Spaghetti Diagram (17 Mart 2011 22:10)

The spaghetti diagram is associated with a processof designing revised steps to reduce process waste by eliminating unnecessary transportation of information or materials. Such transporting is called “parts travel” in industrial engineering because the items are parts that travel on material handling equipment. Process observation tools such as process maps, cycle time observation, spaghetti diagrams, and value stream mapping (VSM) techniques are lean tools used to identify areas of concern and wasted time. Creating a spaghetti diagram requires the process flow in the facility. The flow is given in facility routings. The facility routings include a location of the product defined by an area in the facility and a brief description of what is being done at that area. When analysis of the spaghetti diagram is being done you use the total travel distance (TTD). TTD is the distance the parts travel throughout the facility.

(Introduction to Engineering Statistics and Lean Sigma, Theodore T. Allen; Page:128)

Quality Function Deployment (17 Mart 2011 22:14)

The method “Quality Function Deployment” (QFD) is a popular formal approach to support what might be called moderately formal decision-making. QFD involves creating a full “House of Quality” (HOQ), which is a large matrix that contains much information relevant to decision-making. This HOQ matrix constitutes an assemblage of the results of the benchmarking and cause & effect matrices methods together with additional information. Therefore, information is included both on what makes customers happy and on measurable quantities relevant to engineering and profit maximization.

(Introduction to Engineering Statistics and Lean Sigma, Theodore T. Allen; Page:151)

Matrix Analysis (17 Mart 2011 22:25)

A matrix is drawn up with all of the features of the competitors' comparable products on the vertical axis and the model type on the horizontal axis. The matrix is then completed to show which models incorporate which features; these are then summed simply and represented graphically on the right-hand side of the matrix.

(Computer-Based Design and Manufacturing, Emad Abouel Nasr; Page:10)

Surface Hardening (22 Mart 2011 01:32)

Surface Hardening, a process that includes a wide variety of techniques, is used to improve the wear resistance of parts without affecting the more soft, tough interior of the part. This combination of hard surface and resistance to breakage on impact is useful in parts such as a cam or ring gear that must have a very hard surface to resist wear, along with a tough interior to resist the impact that occurs during operation. Further, the surface hardening of steel has an advantage over through hardening, because less expensive low- and mediumcarbon steels can be surface hardened without the problems of distortion and cracking associated with the through hardening of thick sections.

(Surface Hardening of Steels: Understanding the Basics, J.R. Davis, Page:1)