Barış ERDEM (030060085) 4th Week

Function Block Structure

In the standard IEC61804, The function block structure is composed by seceral function blocks or several algorithms and data. For sake of simplicity, we only consider funtion blocks only composed the algorithms. As for the device structure, it can recieve external events that are propageted to each unit of the structure.

The description of an  function block is a list of algorithms that are encapsulated in the block together with the related input and output parameters. There are algorithms that are related to the process signal flow and to other block specific functions. The parameter table shows all accessible parameters of the block.

(Gakkai K. J. S., IEEE industrial Electronic Society, 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics : L'Aquila, Italy, July 8-11 p.188)

NURBS

                NURBS, or NonUniform Rational B-Splines, are the standard for describing and modeling curves and surfaces in computer aided design and computer graphics. They are used to model everything  from automobile bodies and ship hulls to animate characters in the latest feature length film. To fully exploit the flexibility of NURBS, thorough working knowledge of the underpinning mathematics is neccessary.

(Rogers D. F., An Introduction to NURBS with Historical Perspectives, 2001 p 1.)

NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING

                A general definition of nondestructive testing (NDT) is an exemination, test, or evaluation performed on any tyoe of test object without changing or alternating thet object in any way, in order to determine the absence or presence of conditions or discontinuities that may have an effect on the usefulness or serviceability of that object. Nondestructive tests may also be conducted to measure other test object characteristics, such as size; dimension; configuration; or structure, including alloy content, hardness, grain size, etc. The simplest of all definitions is basically an examination that is performed on an object of any type, size, shape, or material to determine the presence or absence of discontinuities, or to evaluate other material characteristics.

(Charles J. H., Handbook of Nondestructive Evaluation, 2001, p. 1)

Design For Environment

At a very practical level, DFE, accompanied by a judicious use of life-cycle applications, provides one of the most powerful tools in pursuit of sustainable products. It is at the product planning and design stage that waste avoidance, source reduction, water conservation and energy efficiency can be locked into products, services and buildings. Trying to implement such as strategies once the design is resolved or settled generally reflects an “end of pipe” orientation and represents ‘yesterday’s thinking’.

(Lewis H., Gertsakis J., Design+Environment, 2001 p.1)