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Electro jet drilling: Electro jet drilling process is gaining prominence in the machining of micro and macro holes in difficult to machine materials used in space, aviation, electronics and computers, medical, and automobile industries. As the trend towards miniaturization continues, this process is gaining increasing importance as it has shown its superiority over other contemporary non-conventional micro and macro hole drilling processes.( Advance design and manufacturing in global competition-C. Deng- page 435)

Incremental shaft encoder: The term of shaft encoders is used for a device which gives an output in digital form related to the angular position of a shaft. The incremental shaft encoder gives just on-off signals as the shaft rotates and the angular position af the shaft can only be determined by couting the number of these pulses that has occured since the shaft was at some particular position. Figure 3.30 shows the form of a simple incremental shaft encoder. it consisit of a disc which rotates along with the shaft. the form of the disc depends on the transducer used with it. In the optical form the disc has a series of windows through which a beam of light can pass. The beam of light falls on a light-sensitive transducers which gives an electrical output. Rotational of the shaft means that the light beam is pulsed and so the electrical output from the transducer is a series of pulses. These can be counted and so the angular position of the shaft determined by the number of pulses produced since some datum position. Where the rate of rotation of the shaft is required then the number of pulses produced per second is determined. (Industrial control and Instrumentation-W. Bolton-page 65)

Robot Work Envelope: Robot reach or more commonly referred to as the work envelope describes the operational range of an industrial robot. All robots have a work envelope or reach capability dependant upon their particular design. For example, Cartesian robots work within a cube as shown in figure 12.5. (Computer Integrated Manufacturing - Alavudeen and Venkateshwaran - page 251 )

Operating hazard analysis: The purpose of the operating and support hazard analysis, sometimes called the operating hazard analysis, is to

1. Identify all hazard in the operation of a system tahat are inherently dangerous to personnel, or in which a human error could be hazardous to equipment or people

2. Provide recommended risk reduction alternatives during all phases of tasks or operations that are controlledby written procedures

Simply stated, the O&SHA encompassed an analytical review of the controlling documents to ensure hazard elimination or control and concentrates heavily on the performance of people (human factors and human behaviors) and their relationship to the hazards within the task. The focus is primarily on the maintenance and operation of the system, rather than the system components themselves. ( Basic Guide to System safety - Jeffrey W.Vincoli - page 93)