Tube Rolling
Tube rolling FRP tubes can be fabricated from prepreg sheets by rolling technique.Such tubes are used in bicycle frames and space trusses.In the process a precut prepreg sheet is wrapped around a cylindrical mandrel several times to obtain a tube wall of multiple sheets thicknesses.The rolled sheets are then encased in a heat-shrinking sleeve and ovencured.As the sleeve contracts, entrapped gases are squeezed out the ends of the tube.When curing is complete, the mandrel is removed to yield a rolled FRP tube.The operation is simple, and tooling cost is low.There are variations in the process such as using different wrapping methods or using a steel mold to enclose the rolled prepreg tube for better dimensional control.
(Mikell P. Groover,Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems, p.341)
Prepregs
Prepregs another prefabricated form for FRP shaping operation is prepreg, which consist of fibers impregnated with partially cured thermosetting resins to faciliate shape processing. Completion of curing must be accomplished during and/or after shaping. Prepregs are available in the form of tapes or cross-plied sheets or fabrics.The adventage of prepregs is that they are fabricated with continious filaments rather than chopped random fibers, thus increasing strength and modulus of the final product.Prepreg tapes and sheets are associated with advanced composites (reinforced with boron, carbon/graphite and kevlar as well as fiberglass.
(Mikell P. Groover,Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems, p.331)
Continuous Laminating
Continuous Laminating Fiber Reinforced plastic panels, sometimes translucent and/or corrugated, are used in construction.The process to produce them consist of (1) impregnating layers of glass fiber mat or woven fabric by dripping in liquid resin or by passing beneath a doctor blade; (2) gathering between cover films(cellophane,polyester, or other polymer); and (3) compacting between sequeeze rolls and curing.Corrugation (4) is added by formed rollers or mold shoes.
(Mikell P. Groover,Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems, p.342)
Mandrel
The mandrel is the special tooling that determines the geometry of the filament-wound part. Mandrels must be capable of collapsing after winding and curing, for part removal. Various mandrel designs are possible, including inflatable/deflatablle mandrels, collapsible metal mandrels, and mandrels made of soluble salts or plasters.
(Mikell P. Groover,Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems, p.338)
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