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Volume Decomposition

Recently several new techniques utilizing volume decomposition have been introduced that aim at recognizing not just one particular way of representing a given design in terms of features. Istead , the objective is to recognize a redundant saet of features that cover all features that may be found in part. This redundant set can be used to create a set of different feature interprentations of the part , and there interpretations are all reported.

(Parametric and feature-based CAD/CAM ; Jami J. Shah,Martti Mäntylä , pg.342 , First Edition)

Upset Forming

Upset forming is a metal shaping process in which a heated workpiece of uniform thickness is gripped between split female dies while a heading die is forced against the workpiece , deforming and enlarging the end of the workpiece . A sequence of die cavities may be used to control the workpiece geometry gradually until it achieves its final shape. This is a rapid “ cold forming “ process.

(Manufacturing processes reference guide ; Robert H. Todd,Dell K. Allen,Leo Alting , pg 337 , First Edition )

Orbital Cold Forging

This process forms a cold metal slug between two dies with the upper moving in an arbital motion. This upper die motion creates a high degree of deformation with realtivly little force. By means of the orbital motion , the forming force is concentrated in a small area of the upper die. The orbital angle is normally about 2 degrees . This motion results in progressive forging to final shape , usually in 10-20 cycles and 5-10 seconds.

(Modern manufacturing processes ; James A. Brown , pg137 ; First Edition)

Repetitive Design

The first of the repeittive design functions has to create a definition of the problem being solved for which the next five develop a set of design (across the system’s life cycle). The seven functions that comprise this first desing function defining the desing problem , are :

*Develop operational concept

*Define system boudary with extermal system didagram

*Develop the system objects hierarchy

*Develop, analyze , and refine requirements

(The engineering design of systems: models and methods; Dennis M. Buede , pg. 51 , 2nd Edition)