Titanium - Nitride was first coated commercially on tools by the CVD method. In the 1980s it triggered a commercial breakthrough of a plasma added PVD coating processes. It is mainly used on high speed tools for metal cutting but has also found other tribology applications, such as in forming tools, bearings, seals and as an erosion protection layer. One important attraction with titanium nitride is its golden colour which has also encouraged its use in decorative applications.
(Coating Tribology: Properties, Mechanisms, Techniques and Applications, Holmberg K., Matthews A., Volume 10, Page: 226)
Biological Corrosion
Biological Corrosion is a corrosion process or processes that result from the activity of living organisms. These organisims may be microorganisms, such as aerobic or anaerobic bacterias, or they may be macroorganism, such as fungi, mold, algae or barnecles. These organisms may influence or produce corrosion by virtue of their processes of food ingestion and waste elimination
(Failure of materials in mechanical design: analysis, prediction, prevention, Collins J.,
Page: 638)
Oxyacetilene Welding
Oxyfuel Welding is the process that uses the heat from a gas flame to melt the base materials
and cause them to join together. Oxyfuel Welding with acetylene is called Oxyacetilene Welding.
The oxyacetilene process is versatile, as it can be used for both welding and cutting materials
as well as heating, soldering and brazing. It can be much less expensive then arc welding and
is very portable because it needs no electrical power source. Oxyacetilene can be used to weld
any thickness of materials, but sections over 1/4" are difficult to weld.
Oxyacetilene welding equipment consists of an oxygen cylinder and an acetylene cylinder,
each with regulators and gauges, oxygen hose, acetylene hose, torch and hips.
(Welding Basics: An Introduction to Practical & Ornamental Welding, Creative Publishing
International, Page: 27)
Pyramid Forecasting
When developing the sales forecast, forecasters can derive information for use in forecast
development from many sources. Qualitative techniques, such as personal insight, sales
force estimates, and the market research, can be used. Causal methods that attempt to factor
in economic trendsi changes in technology, or political forces can also be used. Perhaps the
best source, however is to roll-up the detailed forecasts located at the actual SKL level in
both units sold and revenues gained into their respective product families to provide a
summarized view. Once the aggregate total has been calculated, forecasters can then utilize
qualitative decisions to massage the forecast numbers, and then pass them back down to SKU
level where they will than be input into demand portion of the Master Schedule.
(Distribution: Planning and Control: Managing in the era of supply chain Management,
Second Edition, Ross D.F., Page: 199)
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