Production Pilot Run (Newer) (Production Step)
When a new design of a product is developed, it's often possible to improve the design and avoid future problems in production by first having a pilot run. The facilities and conditions used for the pilot run have to be same as those going to be used in actual production. The pilot run can be ysed to test the proposed spesification limits. The quantity of items to be produced in the pilot run would depend on the cost involved and may vary from a few pieces to several hundreds. The results of the pilot run may be interpreted as follows ( J. Lain, Quality Control and total quality management, pg.156)
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Capacity Requirements Planning (Newer) (Industrial Process)
Capacity Requirements Planning comprises the informstion that is required to accomplish the production goal, such as identifying the number of machines, people, material-handling resources, tooling and so on. Thee availability of shifts per work day, the work days per week, overtime, subcontracting, and machine/tool/material-handling device requirements are fed back to the MRP unit, which adjusts the work orders, purchase orders and schedule notices. (T. Chang et. al. Computer-Aided Manufacturing, pg.8)
Capacity Requirements Planning: 17.03.2011 19.37 (Better)
Capacity requirements planning is concerned with determining the labor and equipment requirements needed to meet the master production schedule. It is also concerned with identifying the firm's long-term future capacity needs. Capacity planning also serves to identify production resource limitations so that a realistic master production schedule can be planned. A realistic master schedule must be compatible with the manufacturing capabilities of the plant that is to make the products. The firm must be aware of its production capacity and must plan for changes in capacity to meet changing production requirements specified in the master schedule.
Capacity requirements planning is concerned with determining the labor and equipment requirements needed to meet the master production schedule. It is also concerned with identifying the firm's long-term future capacity needs. Capacity planning also serves to identify production resource limitations so that a realistic master production schedule can be planned. A realistic master schedule must be compatible with the manufacturing capabilities of the plant that is to make the products. The firm must be aware of its production capacity and must plan for changes in capacity to meet changing production requirements specified in the master schedule.
(Mikell P. Groover,Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing,4th Edition,pg.962-963)
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The Route Sheet (19:35 17.03) (Older) (Better)
Process planning is concerned with selecting methods of production:tooling, fixtures, machinery, sequence of operations and assembly.All of these diverce activities must be planned which traditionally has been done by process planners.The sequence of processes and operations to be performed the machines to be used the standart time for each operation,and similar information all are documented on a routing sheet.
(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R.,Manufacturing Engineering and Technology,p. 1204)
The Route Sheet (Newer)(Industrial Process)
The process plan is sometimes called an operation sheet, route sheet, or operation planning summary. A detailed plan usually contains the route, processes, process parameters and machine and tool selections. In a more general sense, a process, is called an operation ( including manual operations). (The route is the operation sequence.) The process plan provides the instructions for production the part. These instructions dictate the cost, quality and rate of production; therefore, route sheet is of utmost importance to the production sysstem.(H. Wang, et. al. Computer-Aided Manufacturing, pg.515)
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Inspection Equipment (Newer) (Machining Center Organization)
The distinguishing feature of FMSs is integration of the inspection equipment with the machining centers. Coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) are 3-D devices used for off-line inspection and programmed to measure concentricity, perpendicularity and flatmess o surfaces and hole dimensions. (N. SINGH, Computer-Integrated Design and Manufacturing, pg.542)
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Process planning is concerned with selecting methods of production:tooling, fixtures, machinery, sequence of operations and assembly.All of these diverce activities must be planned which traditionally has been done by process planners.The sequence of processes and operations to be performed the machines to be used the standart time for each operation,and similar information all are documented on a routing sheet.
(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R.,Manufacturing Engineering and Technology,p. 1204)
The Route Sheet (Newer)(Industrial Process)
The process plan is sometimes called an operation sheet, route sheet, or operation planning summary. A detailed plan usually contains the route, processes, process parameters and machine and tool selections. In a more general sense, a process, is called an operation ( including manual operations). (The route is the operation sequence.) The process plan provides the instructions for production the part. These instructions dictate the cost, quality and rate of production; therefore, route sheet is of utmost importance to the production sysstem.(H. Wang, et. al. Computer-Aided Manufacturing, pg.515)
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Inspection Equipment (Newer) (Machining Center Organization)
The distinguishing feature of FMSs is integration of the inspection equipment with the machining centers. Coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) are 3-D devices used for off-line inspection and programmed to measure concentricity, perpendicularity and flatmess o surfaces and hole dimensions. (N. SINGH, Computer-Integrated Design and Manufacturing, pg.542)
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Primary & Secondary Manufacturing (Newer) (Manufacturing Process)
A primary operation converts raw material to the basic geometry required for the finished product. Metal casting is a good example of a primary operations. The raw material is metal in a molten state and a void in the mold cavity is the rough geometry of the product. When the molten metal is poured into the mold and cools, the primary operation's complete and the raw casting has the genral shape of the finished product. Typical primary operations include casting, forming, oxyfuel, and arc cutting, and sawing
Secondary operattions are performed to give the raw material he final shape required for the finished part or product. For example, after iron is cast into the general shape of an automotive engine, the cylindeer walls are machined so that the pistons fit smoothly inside. As in this example, secondary operations often follow primary manufacturing operations. The primary difference between the 2 types of operations is that secondary operations take the material to the final geometry required for use. Also, many secondary operations, using different types of machine tools, are required to achieve proper shape and dimensional accuracy in the finish part. Typical secondary operations include turning, boring, milling, drilling, reaming, grinding and non-traditional machining processes. (J. REHG Computer-Integrated Manufacturing pg.298)
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