030080093 Deniz Alsan 2nd week

1 - Variant Processes Planning (VPP) : (group : manufacturing)

previous definition


The variant-process plan includes information such as the types of tools and machines to be used, the sequence of manufacturing operations to be performed, the speeds, the feeds, and the time required for each sequence. Minor modifications of an existing process plan (which usually are necessary) also can be made. In the variant system, if the standard plan for a particular part is not in computer files, a plan that is close to it (with a similar code number and an existing routing sheet) is retrieved. If a routing sheet does not exist, one is made for the new part and stored in computer memory.(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing Engineering and Technology,5th Edition, page.1205)

new definition

In variant process planning, the manufacturing engineer uses group technology coding scheme to map a design (G) into an alphanumeric code. Then, this code can be used as an index to search the process plan database to retriece a process plan N' for a design (G') similar to (G) and then adapts N' manually to produce plan (N) for (G). In VPP methodology, the key contribution of features is to facilitate group technology coding on the basis of the explicitly recorded relationships between the feature configurations. In this approach, a computer is used to help the designer set and adapt the porcess plan.(Ali K. Kamrani,Emad Abouel Nasr, Engineering Design and Rapid Prototyping , pp201,202)


2 - Feature Recognition (group : modelling)

previous definition


Feature recognition is one of the basic techniques in Earth Observation(EO) needed to gain information abaut situation within remotely sensed imagery. The two basic operations for feature recognition are classification and detection. Where classification should provide good and robust background knowledge of the basic land cover within a certain area, object detection techniques specialize in finding one specific feature or object in defined area. ( B. Jasani, M.Pesaresi, S. Schneiderbauer, G. Zeug, Remote Sensing From Space, Splinger, 2009, p.106 )

new definition

Feature recognition is a sub-discipline of solid modelling that focuses on the design and implementation of algorithms for detecting manufacturing information from solid models produced by computer-aided design (CAD) systems. Feature Recognition , from low level geometric entities of product design representations within a CAD model to facilitate process planning and manufacturing activities, has been of significant importance in computer integrated manufacturing (CIM). Examples of this manufacturing information include features such as holes, slots, pockets and other shapes that can be created on modern computer numerically controlled machining systems. Automated feature recognition has been an active research area in solid modelling for many years and is considered to be a critical component for integration of CAD and CAM.
(Rajeev Jain, Dr. P. K. Mishra, Feature Recognition of Prismatic Parts)   (Proceedings of All India Seminar on Advances in Product Development (APD-2006), R.K. Srivastava)

3 - Mass manufacturing (group : manufacturing)
old definition

Mass manufacturing idealised by Henry Ford , was a strap down system, incapable of dealing with variations in the type of product. This rigidity started becoming an obstacle and with onset of wordwide competitiveness mass manufacturing became viable for only some products. This is how mass manufactuing evolved form the era of manufacturing to the era of mass customisation. (Effective resource management in manufacturing systems ; Massimiliano Caramia,Paolo Dell'Olmo , pg. 1 )

new definition

Mass manufacturing is characterized by very high production rates. Companies tht use this type of manufacturing system, therefore, place great emphasis on efficiency and economy of scale in order to remain competitive. To this end, mass manufacturing systems have a product flow layout. With this typle of layout the work stations are arranged along the line of flow of the parts. This layout has a number of advantages: it simplifies the routing of parts, it allows the production of a part to be broken down into simple work elements, and it also reduces the unproductive processing time of parts.
(Queueing  theory in manufacturing systems analysis and design, H.T. Papadopoulos, C. Heavey, J. Browne p6)

4 - Reverse Engineering ( group : analysis method )


no previous definition


new definition

Reverse engineering is a practice of invention based on knowledge and data acquired from earlier work. It incorporates appropriate engineering standards and multiple realistic constraints. The part produced through reverse engineering should be compliance with the requirements contained in applicable program criteria. To accomplish a successful reverse engineering project requires broad knowledge in multiple disciplines.
(Reverse Engineering: Technology of reinvention, Wego Wang, p2)