İhsan Gökhan Serin - 503111309 - 2nd Week's Insufficient Definitons

Cutting Speed ( Machining Parameter)

Previous Answer:

Machining is not just one process; it is a group of processes. The common feature is the use of cutting tool to form a chip that is removed from the workpart. To perform the operation, relative motion is required between the tool and work. This relative motion is achived in most machinig operations by means of primary motion, called the cutting speed. The shape of the tool and its penetration into the work surface, combined with this motion, produces the desired shape of the resulting work surface.

(P.Groover, Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing third edition, page 483)

New Answer: (Better)


Before choosing spindle speeds, it is important to gain an understanding of cutting speed. Cutting speed is the distance that a point on the circumference of a rotating cutting tool travels in 1 minute. It is stated in surface feet per minute (SFPM) and may sometimes be shown as just SFM or FPM. An illustration of cutting speed  is shown in Figure 4.3.2.


There are many resources available for selecting the proper cutting speed for any given material and operation. The Machinery's Handbook is one very common resource. Cutting tool manufacturers often also make cutting speed charts for their particular tools. Figure 4.3.3 shows an example of a chart showing recommended cutting speeds for drilling and reaming operations for some carbon steels using HSS cutting tools. Many charts will also list cutting speeds for carbide cutting tools. Because carbide is very heat resistant, cutting speeds for carbide tools can be at least two to three times faster than speeds used for HSS tools.

( Peter J. Hoffman, Precision Machining Technology, pg 336, 338)

Depth of Cut ( Machining Parameter)

Previous Answer:

The depth of cut is determined by the width of the chip. During the roughing operation, the depth of cut is usually much more greater than that of the finishing operation.. For turning, it is one-half the difference between the inner and the outer diameters of the workpiece. 

(Computer Aided Manufacturing, Chang T., Wysk R.A., Wang H., 2nd edition, 1998, Page: 141)

New Answer:

For Milling:

Depth of cut d is the length of engagement of the cuttig edge of the insert, measured perpendicular to a cut surface. This definition is applied to end milling and face milling. Depth of cut is shown in Fig. 1.

For Turning:

Depth of cut ( Fig. 8) is the difference between the uncut and the cut surface of the workpiece and is a programmable parameter, as well as the feed rate. Depth of cut is measured perpendicular to the feed direction of the cutting tool. The relationship between the uncut workpiece diameter (D), the cut workpiece diameter (D_c) and the depth of cut(d) is expressed by the formula:

(Edmund Isakov, Engineering Formulas for Metalcutting, pg. 39,40,92)

( Peter J. Hoffman, Precision Machining Technology, pg. 386)