Net-Shape Manufacturing (Manufacturing)
Previous Definition:
A particular manufacturing process may not produce a finished part, and thus additional operations may be necessary. For example, a forged part may not have the desired dimensions or surface finish; as a result, additional operations such as machining or grinding may be necessary. Likewise, it may be difficult, impossible, or uneconomical to produce a part with holes in it by using single manufacturing process, and thus a subsequent process may be required, suc as drilling or producing the hole using various advanced methods, such as chemical pr electrical means. Furthermore, the holes produced by a particular manufacturing processs may not have the proper roundness, dimensional accuracy, or surface finish, and thus they may require an additional operation, such as honing.
(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R.,Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, 5th Edition, pg.31
New Definition (Better):
In a net shape manufacturing process, a given material (usually shapeless
or of a simple geometry) is transformed directly into a useful part. The resulting
part has a relatively complex geometry with well-defined shape, size, geometry
and tolerances, appearance, and properties. The desired geometry “stored” in
the tools, dies or molds and imparted onto the material with or without
pressure through the tool/material interface.
Net shape manufacturing technology has great potential to conserve
resources (material, energy, time, human resources) and to reduce overall
manufacturing costs. There is a great need for applied research in this
specific technology in order to maintain the nation’s technological leadership and
international competiveness in manufacturing. The technology is
multidisciplinary, represents a microcosm of nearly all manufacturing
activities, can greatly benefit from the wide application of CAD/CAM/CAE (computer-aided
design/computer-aided manufacturing/computer-aided engineering) and is
well-suited for joint industry-university cooperation.
The engineering research centers:leaders in change, National Research
Council (U.S.), T.Altan, p.230-231
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