Jikoda(Manufacturing Planing)
Jikoda is the ability to stop production due to a problem. Production may be stopped automatically by a machine or by on operator (Levinson, 2002). The idea here is that a quality issues should be fixed right away, at the source of the problem. Traditional manufacturing systems, which emphasize production over quality, allow the defect to work its way down the system. This allows the defect to "grow" and end up being a more expensive tix. At the same time because the defect is caught so far down stream, often the root cause is not identified and corrected. Jikoda utilizes the machine operator to identify quality concerns and correct them right away. It is critical that the operator has the authority and responsibility to stop the process and fix the error.
(Christian Gausman, Implementing Lean Manufacturing and Design for ManufacturingConcepts in a Job Shop Manufacturing Environment, pp. 17-18)
Jikoda(best)
Important to understand that Just in time manufacturing systems are driven by the principle of being "demand-pulled" through the production process, i.e. production activities are governed (or pulled) by downstream processes requiring subsume-blies from upstream proses. This is the reverse of more traditional production systems where the flow is "pushed" through the production chain Smaller production batches will usually apply in JIT systems and this more readily facilitates tither echoed aspects of the method to be accommodated. For example. the concurrent employee responsibility for ensuring that the required quality criteria are met at the conclosion of each discrete prodnetion stage, rather than relying on the more traditional qoality control inspection after the final production stage has been completed and when it is more difficult to pinpoint the source of any qaality problem. in tandem with the ahocation of responsibility for quality matters. employers can also halt the production process if a detect or problem is disciwered. thus permitting the (hopefully)prompt resolution of the problem. This approach is referred to as a "quallity at the source" and is based on the Japanese concept of Jikoda which translates to "stop everything when something goes wrong". The aims here are 10 minimise defects as an important contribution to quality and to coincidently empower mployixs to identify and solve them.
(Chambers A. Rand G.The Operational Auditing Handbook:Auditing Business and IT Processes, John Wiley and Sons page:195)
My definition is the best one, because explained that what kinds of manufacturing planing. It is like a Just in Time subtitle. Also enhanced the explanitaion with a example.
Demand forecasting(Manufacturing Planing)
Risk and uncertainty is deeply associated with every business decision. An essential element of any business decision is to fore see the future and act accordingly. A look at the future without factual analysis renders a business devision more of a gambling than real growth oriented decision. Amongst all forecasts of business. Demand forecast is the key driver for success or failure. Future demand of the product acts as a game changing factor in today’s competitive business environment. Demand forecasting is essential to guard the future against any surprises. For example, if a manager fails to forecast high demand in the future, the mobilisation of resources to meet that demand will become a cumbersome task and might result in a lost opportunity to increase market share.
(S. A. Siddiqui, A. S. Siddiqui, Managerial Economics And Financial Analysis, 1th Edition, p.80)
Demand forecasting
Using statistical methods to project historical data into forecasts of future values for these data is a critical exercise in all aspects of business. In this section, we examine brecasting models that provide estimates of future demand for a com-pany's products based on current and past sales. Such forecasts are key inputs to supply chain optimization models that assist managers in making decisions for meeting these future demands at minimal cost while obeying constraints on customer service. Note that company sales may not attain demand when the company's supply chain capacity is insufficient.
(Shapiro J.F. Modeling the supply chain, Cengage Learning, page:221)
I am honestly say that both definition is the same. Explanied same thing the different way.
Geometric Transformations (Design)
In order to manipulate a modeling object in the space, geometric transformations are used. There are two kinds of geometric transformation, that of transforming the object and transforming the coordinate system. First one moves the object within the existing coordinate frame, such as moving the primitives in solid modelling. Second one moves the coordinate system, and then the object is viewed from the new coordinate frame such as finding a better view or doing a 2-D orthogonal projection. The transformation methods are the same for both cases, except the signs are changed.
(Computer Aided Manufacturing, Chang T., Wysk R.A., Wang H., 2nd edition, 1998, Page: 106)
Geometric Transformations(best)
Geometric transformations provide soul or life to virtual objects created through geometric modeling
discussed in later chapters. It is using transformations that one can manoeuver an object, view it from
different angles, create multiple copies, create its reflected image, re-shape or scale an object, position
an object with respect to the other, and much more. Projections, like orthographic and perspective on
the other hand, help comprehend an object for purpose of its fabrication. Transformations have many
uses, mainly pertaining motion, such as manipulating the relative positions of two objects in solid
modeling to create a complex entity, displaying motion of mechanisms, animating an assembly to
demonstrate its working or imparting motion to a virtual human for a walk through a virtual city or
a building. Motion simulators for aircrafts, tanks and motor vehicles extensively employ geometric
transformations.
(Saxena A. Sahay B. Computer Aided Engıneering Design, Springer 2005 Page:23 )
Older one is not fully explained the term. It mentıoned only a example and maintain the definition on this example. But mine is extually meaning of term and explain totally.
Sequential Engineering(Manufacturing and Design Type)
Sequential engineering, also known as serial engineering, is characterized by departments supplying information to design only after a product has been designed, verified and prototyped. In serial engineering the various functions such as design, manufacturing and costumer service are seperated. The information in serial engineering flows in succession from phase to phase. For example the prototype model, verified by either simulation or hardware prototyping or both, is reviewed for manufacturing, quality and service. Usually, some changes are suggested after the review.
(Nanua Singh, Systems Approach to Computer-Integrated Design and Manufacturing, pg.104)
Sequential Engineering (best)
In traditional design and manufacturing companies, the product development process is usually organised in a sequential manner, i.e., Sequential Engineering (SE). In SE, specialists from different domains that are involved in product design and the related manufacturing processes work in an isolated and independent way. A stage in product development can be basically thought of as being a black box, which inputs are the results of the activities from the previous stage, and which outputs are taken as inputs for the next stage, as shown in Fig. 1.1. The shortcomings of SE include high developmental costs, expensive re-designs and re-work, poor communications and interactions between designers/process planners/manufacturing engineers, the lack of critical decision-making with respect to all of the product development, etc.
In a product development process, design concepts and models usually require dynamic adjustments to achieve better product quality and processes. Changes made during the early design stage do not cause significant increase in cost, while during the production stage, sharp increase in cost will incur since many blueprints, design documents or components have been created and these would require re-work and re-design. Subsequently, the lead-time and cost of the product will dramatically increase. This situation is illustrated in Fig. 1.2, which reflects the cost trends of products with respect to the changes in their life-cycle development [Pallot and Sandoval, 1998]. It shows clearly that greater cost reduction opportunities are usually available during the early stages of the product development and therefore it is of paramount importance the identify design and manufacturing problem as early as possible reduce the risk and and cost
(Li, W.D Ong, Nee A.Y.H
Integrated and collaborative product development environment:technologies and implementations, World Scientific)
As seen ,mine definition is very complicated and clearly. Also supporting the definition with graphic and photo to understand totally.
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Dimensional Measuring Interface Specification (DMIS) (Design with Computer)
DMIS is a protocol that permits two way communication between CAD and CMMs. Use of DMIS has the following advantages: (1) It allows any CAD systems to communicate with any CMM, (2) it reduces software development cost for CMM and CAD companies because only one translator is required to communicate with DMIS, (3) users have grater choise among CMM suppliers, and (4) user training requirements are reduced.
(Automation, production systems, and computer-integrated manufacturing, Mikell P. Groover, p.672)
Dimensional Measuring Interface Specification (DMIS):
The objective of the Dimensional Measuring Interface Specification (DMIS) is to provide a standard for the bidirectional communication between computer systems and inspection equipment. The specification is a vocabulary of terms which establishes a neutral format for inspection programs and inspection results data. While primarily designed for communication between automated equipment. DMIS is designed to be both man-readable and man writable, allowing inspection programs to be written (and inspection results to be analyzed) without the use of computer aids.
(Case K. Advances in Manufacturing Technologies, Taylor & Francis 1994. page:849)
Older one is the good one this term is really hard to find. And it is too unknown. But honestly say that older one is the good than mine
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