MICLASS System: (Programming)
MICLASS System (Old)(better)
The MICLASS system was originally developed by TNO of
Holland and is currently maintained in the USA by the Organization for
Industrial Research. It is a chain- structured code of 12 digits. The code is
designed to be universal; therefore, it includes both design and manufacturing
information. Information such as the main shape, shape elements, position of
shape elements, main dimessions, ratio of the dimensions, auxiliary dimension,
from tolerance and the machinability of the material is included. An additional
18 digits of code are also available for user-specifield information. These
supplemental digits provide flexibility for system expansion. MICLASS is also
one of the earliest interactive coding systems. MICLASS has been adapted by
many U.S. industries.
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (Tien Chien Chang, A. Wysk,
Hsu-Pın Wang second edition pg:487)
MICLASS System (New):
MICLASS stands for Metal Institute Classification System. It
was developed in the Netherlands and maintained in the USA by the Organization
for Industrial Research (OIR). MICLASS was designed to standardize to many
design, manufacturing and management functions. It is carries information
regarding main shape, shape elements, position of the shape elements, main
dimension and ratio of the dimensions, auxiliary dimension, form tolerance and
machinability of the material. These are represented in the twelve main fields.
There can be up to an additional 18 fields for user defined functions which
capture part functions, lot sizes, major machining operations and so on.
MICLASS is used by many companies in Europe and The USA.
(Computer Aided Design And Manufacturing, Yazar: Lalit
Narayan Et Al., page:362)
F-Code (Programming(CNC))
F-Code: (Old)
F-Code specifies the feed speed of the tool motion. It is
relative speed between the cutting tool and the workpiece. It is typically
specified in ipm. From a machinability data hand book, feed is given in ipr. A
conversion has to be done either by hand or on-board controller. Some
controllers offer a G-Code that specifies the ipr programming mode. When the
ipr programming mode is used the tool diameter and the number of teeth must be
specified by the operator. The F-Code must be given before G01, G02 or G03 can
be used. Feed speed can be changed frequently in a program, as needed. When an
F-Code is present in a block, it takes effect immediately.
(Computer Aided Manufacturing, 2nd Edition, Chang T.C., Wysk
R.A., Wang H.P., 1998 Page: 367)
F-Code: (New)
F-Code is a Portable Software Platform (PSP) for a paralel processing.
The novelty of our approach to data parallelism is that it supports the whole
conceivable variety of paralel operations by providing a rank coercion
mechanism, which allows one to apply paralel operations by providing a rank
coercion mechanism, which allows one Notion of
operand orientation. Also, a reasonable default is provided fort he case
of shape mismatch. Wherever the ranks are same or coerced: f-code supplies a
shape coercion rule.
(PARLE '93, parallel architectures and languages Europe,
Yazar: Arndt Bode,Mike Reeve,Gottfried Wolf,page:161)
T-Code (Programming(CNC))
T-Code: (Old)
Two or four digits can be specified after the address
T,depending on the design of the NC machine.On the Cadillac NC-100 lathe with
the FANUC 6T controller system,four digits can be specified.The first two
digits represent the turret position or tool number and the last two digits,the
offset number.
(Chang C.H.,Malkanoff M.A.,NC Machine System and Software
Design Practise Hall,p. 61)
T-Code (new)(better)
The T-Code (the “T” stands for temperament, of course) is a
simplified way to understand the complex nature of predetermined and
conflicting temperaments that are at the heart of virtually all human conflict.
(Unlocking the T-Code, Yazar: George Scott,Dr D. Scott
Trettenero, Page:2)
Brazing (Manufacturing
Process)
Brazing (Old)
Brazing and soldering processes are frequently used to join
copper and copper alloys. Brazing, by definition, employs filler metals having
a liquidus above 450 oC (840 oF) and below the solidus of the base metal.
Brazing is distinguished from soldering by the melting point of the filler
metal: solders melt below 450 oC (840 oF). Brazing and soldering are used to
join structural somponents, commercial and consumer products, and electrical
and electronic devices.
Copper and copper alloys are among the most easily brazed
metals available. A wide range of filler metals is used to join the many
different copper and copper alloys, and all the conventional brazing processes
can be employed. These include furnace, torch, induction, resistance, and dip
brazing. The selection of the brazing process and filler metal depends on the
alloy composition, the shape and dimension of the parts to be joined, and the
intended application.
Brazing (New) (Better)
The term brazing encompasses a group of welding processes
that produce coalescence of materials by heating them to the brazing
temperature in the presence of a filler metal having a liquidus above 450 C (840
F) and below the solidus of the base metal. (The liquidus, or melting point, is
the lowest temperature at which a metal or an alloy is completely liquid, and
the solidus is the highest temperature at which a metal or an alloy is
completely solid.) The brazing filler metal is distributed between the closely
fitted faying surfaces of the joint by capillary action.
(Brazing, Yazar: Mel M. Schwartz, Page:1)
Sand Casting (Manufacturing
Method)
Sand Casting (Old) (Better)
Sand casting is by far the most widely used casting process,
accounting for a significant majority of the total tonnage cast. Nearly all
casting alloys can be sand cast; indeed, it is one of the few proceses that can
be used for metals with high melting temperatures, such as steels, nickels and
titaniums. Its versatility permits the casting of parts ranging in size from
small to very large and in production quantities from one to millions. Sand
casting consists of pouring molten metal into a sand mold, allowing the metal
to solidify and then breaking up the mold to remove casting. The casting must
then be cleaned and inspected and heat treatment is sometimes required to
improve metallurgical properties.
(M. Groover, Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing; Page:
215)
Sand Casting (New)
In this
process the model is buried in sand or sand and binder. The sand is set either
cold (by blowing CO2 into the casting) or hot (by sintering the resin-coated
sand). The casting is broken open along joint lines and the model is removed.
By joining the casting parts together again, one creates a casting cavity into
which metal can be poured. For example, the casting of aluminium has been done
this way. This process is not easy if the internal structure is important.
(Laser Material Processing, Yazar: William M. Steen,Jyotiromoy
Mazumder, Page:366)
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