7. Human Labor/ (Management)
(Previous)
One additional
component in the FMS is human labor. Humans are needed to manage the operations
of the FMS. Functions typically performed by humans include: (1) loading raw
workparts into the system, (2) unloading finished parts (or assemblies) from
the system, (3) changing and setting tools, (4) equipment maintenance and
repair, (5) NC part programming in a machining system, (6) programming and
operating the computer system, and (7) overall management of the system.
(Groover P.M., Automation, Production Systems, and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2nd Edition, p.479)
(New-Better)
In spite of its benefits, in
mechanized operations the worker is still involved in a particular process
directly and must check each step of a machine’s performance. For example, if
(a) a cutting tool breaks during machining, (b) parts are overheated during
heat treatment, (c) surface finish begins to deteriorate during grinding, or
(d) dimensional tolerances become too large in sheet-metal forming, the
operator must intervene and change one or more of the relevant process
parameters and machine settings, which requires considerable experience.
(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing Engineering
and Technology, p. 1145)
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