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Taguchi Method: Taguchi Methods have been used for improving the quality of Japanese Products with great success. Taguchi bases his methods on conventional statistical tools, together with some guidelines for laying out experiments and analyzing the results. Taguchi's approach to quality control applies to the entire process of developing and manufacturing a product - from the concept, through design and engineering, to manufacturing.

Taguchi suggests a three stage process:

1- Systems Design: New ideas, concepts, and knowledge in the areas of science and technology are utilizied by the designing team to determine the right combination of materials, parts, processes and design factors that will satisfy functional and economical specifications.

2- Parameter Design: Related to finding the appropriate design-factor levels to make the system perform less sensitive to causes of variation.

3- Tolerance Design: Tolerances of factors that have the largest influence on variation are adjusted only if, after the parameter design stage, he target values of quality have not yet been achieved.

(Computer Aided Manufacturing Second Edition, Chang T.C., Wysk R.A, Wang H., 1998, Pages: 599 - 601)

Tool Management: Tool Management is a vital activity that is frequently neglected by the manufacturing engineer. It deals with tracking of tool location, cutting elapsed time, times for reconditioning, and so on. Minimizing tool breakage is a critical task of this control module.

(Computer Aided Manufacturing Second Edition, Chang T.C., Wysk R.A, Wang H., 1998, Page: 8)

Capacity Planning: CP comprises the information that is required to accomplish the production goal, such as identifiying the number of machines, persons, material handling resources, tooling and so on. The availability of shifts per work day, the work days per week, overtime, subcontracting, and machine/tool/material-handling device requirements, are fed back to the MRP control unit, which adjusts the work orders, purchase orders, and schedule notices.

(Computer Aided Manufacturing Second Edition, Chang T.C., Wysk R.A, Wang H., 1998, Pages: 7,8

The Opitz System: The Opitz Coding system is probably the best known coding system. This code uses a hybrid code structure. However, except for the first digit, it resembles a chain structure more closely.

The Opitz form code uses five digitsi representing (1) component class, (2) basic shape, (3) rotational-surface machining, (4) plane-surface machining, and (5) auxilary holes, gear teeth and forming. Primary, secondary, and auxilary shapes can be represented using the five geometric digits.

(Computer Aided Manufacturing Second Edition, Chang T.C., Wysk R.A, Wang H., 1998, Pages: 485,486)