Hüseyin DEMİRTAŞ__ 2nd Week UNANSWERED TERMS

Order Management Process


This process includes all the activities between the order acceptance and the customer payment. The major goals are to reduce the process lead time and cost, and to increase the customer satisfaction. Several business functions are involved in performing activities related to the order management process . Information technology can enhance the activity and resource coordination and facilitate communications. Among the different applications that can support the process, multimedia, electronic marketplace, and market analysis and forecasting at a microlevel are the most promising.
(Vito ALBINO, O. Geoffrey OKOGBAA, COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN, ENGINEERING, AND MANUFACTURING Systems Techniques And Applications, p 11)


Production Process


This process is related to all the activities that transform raw materials in finished products. It has strong interdependencies with engineering, logistics, and order process. Company performances in terms of cost, time, and quality are affected by the coordination level in all manufacturing activities. The major issue is how to create a flow of products without defects and synchronized with the customer request. Manufacturing system layout (for instance, cellular manufacturing), process technology, planning and control techniques, and computer-aided manufacturing applications can enhance performance. However, in several cases (Schonberger 1982 and Womack et al. 1990) the most important benefits have been achieved by modifying work organization through simplification and waste elimination. Also, teams have shown to be highly effective to increase worker commitment and reactive response to problems (Cutcher-Gershenfeld et al. 1994). These characteristics are essential to improve flexibility and productivity.
(Vito ALBINO, O. Geoffrey OKOGBAA, COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN, ENGINEERING, AND MANUFACTURING Systems Techniques And Applications, p 11)





Global Manufacturing Planning and Control


The last two decades have been characterized by the growing globalization of economic and social scenarios. In particular, multinational corporations (MNCs), due to their global market, have been experimenting a tight competition taking the advantage of their contemporary presence in different countries (Porter 1990). Companies could better achieve the exploitation of these advantages by the coordination of a network of geographically dispersed subsidiaries. The coordination may concern some as well as all the value chain activities, such as research and development, product and process design, engineering, marketing, supply, manufacturing, distribution, and so on. Global manufacturing planning and control refers to the problem of coordinating a MNC’s manufacturing activities. Since such manufacturing activities involve the entire network made up of the MNC’s subsidiaries, coordination should extend to the global supply network and distribution channels and it must also deal with the attendant logistics issues. Specific problems and techniques related to the synchronization of production rate with demand rate in global manufacturing are reviewed by Pontrandolfo and Okogbaa (1997).
(Vito ALBINO, O. Geoffrey OKOGBAA, COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN, ENGINEERING, AND MANUFACTURING Systems Techniques And Applications, p 38)