Taha Selman Cakir
030070023
3rd week

Vertical machining centers (VMC):

Also called vertical-spindle machining centers, these are capable of performing various machining operations on parts with deep cavities, such as in mold and die making. Because of the thrust forces in vertical machining are directed downward, such machines have high stiffness and produce parts with good dimensional accuracy. These machines generally are less expensive than horizontal-spindle machines.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing engineering and technology, Ed. 5th, p. 765)

Horizontal machining centers (HMC):

Also called horizontal-spindle machining center, these are suitable for large as well as tall workpieces that require machining on a number of their surfaces. The pallet can be swiveled on different axes to various angular positions. Another category of horizontal-spindle machines is turning centers, which are computer-controlled lathes with several features.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing engineering and technology, Ed. 5th, p. 765,766)

Product Data Exchange Specification (PDES):

A solid-model-based standard called the Product Data Exchange Specification (PDES), which is based on the Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) developed by the International Standards Organization. PDES allows information on shape, design, manufacturing, quality assurance, testing, maintenance, etc., to be transferred between CAD systems.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing engineering and technology, Ed. 5th, p. 1196)

Surface grinding:

Surface grinding is one of the most common operations, generally involving the grinding of flat surfaces. Typically, the work-piece is secured on a magnetic chuck attached to the work table of the grinder; nonmagnetic materials are held by vises, vacuum chucks, or some other fixture. A straight wheel is mounted on the horizontal spindle of the surface grinder. Traverse grinding occurs as the table reciprocates longitudinally and is fed laterally (in the direction of the spindle axis) after each stroke. In plunge grinding, the wheel is moved radially into the workpiece, as it is when grinding a groove.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing engineering and technology, Ed. 5th, p. 809)