ÖMER TAYLAN BOYA 030070099 2nd Week

Artificial Neural Networks

Although computers are much faster than the human brain at sequintal tasks, humans are much better at pattern-based tasks that can be performed with parallel processing, such as recognizing features ( in faces and voices, even under noisy conditions ), assesing situations quickly, and adjusting to new and dynamic conditions. These advantages also are due partly to the ability humans to use several senses ( sight, hearing, taste and touch ) simultaneously and in real time. The branch of AI called artificial neural networks attempts to gain some of these capabilites through computer imitation of way data is processed by human brains.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R.,Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, 5th Edition, pg.1233)

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Tooling Cost

These are the costs involved in making the tools, dies, molds, patterns, and special jigs and fixtures required for manufacturing a product. High tooling costs may be justified in high-volume production of a single item. The expected life of tools and dies and their obsolescences ( because of product changes ) also are important considerations.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R.,Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, 5th Edition, pg.1262)

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Component Reuse

Taking time and money to create a low-cost component maybe of value to other teams designing similar products. In general, this value is not explicitly accounted for in manufaturing cost estimates. The team may choose to take an action that is actualy more costly for their product because of the positive cost implications for other projects.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R.,Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, 5th Edition, pg.229)

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Experimental Prototype

Additional early prototypes are common in situations where the product embodies a new concept or technology. These early prototypes are sometimes called experimental or engineering prototypes. They usually do not look like the final product, and many of the parts of the prototype are not designed with the intention of eventually being produced in quantity.


(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R.,Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, 5th Edition, pg.262)