Drilling Operation:
Drilling is a machining operation used to create a round hole in workpart.
This contrast with boring, which can only be used to enlarge an existing hole. Drilling
is usually performed with a rotating cylindrical tool that has two cutting edges on its working end. the tool is called a drill or drill bit. The rotating , drill feeds into the stationary workpath to form a hole whose diameters is equal to the drill diameter.
(Fundementals of Modern Manufacturing Materials, Processes and System 3rd edition,Mikell P. Groover; p.518)
Remote terminal Unit:
An RTU (Remote terminal unit) provides intelligent I/O collection and processing, such as reading inputs from switches, sensors, and transmitters and than arranging tje representive data into a format that the SCADA system can understand. The RTU also converts output values provide by the SCADA systems from their digital form into that which can be understood by field-controllable devices such as discrete(relay) and analog outputs (current voltage
(Techno Security's Guide to Securing SCADA, Jack Wiles, Ted Claypoole; p.55)
Supervisory control and data acquisition:
after having dealt with the basic hardware modules of a real time system, let us first concentrate on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, since it is the first step towards automation. The basic functions carried out by an SCADA system are:
-Channel scanning
-Conversion into engineering units
-Data processing
(Computer-Based Industrial Control, Krishna Kant; p.12)
Early equipment management:
Early equipment management concern equipment users, engineering companies, and equipment manufacturers, and addresses the following areas:
-Equşpment investment planning
-Process design
-Equipment design, fabrication and construction
-Test operation
-Startup management
All activities from the initial design of a piece of equipment to its installition and test operation can be viewed as a single, giant project.the project start with process design, basic plant design, and detailed design and unfolds in include procurement, fabrication, construction, and test operation.
(TPM in process industries, Tokutarō Suzuki; p.17)
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