Burcu Atay, 140060029, 1st week

Lean Manufacturing - A production strategy in which all parts of the production system are focused on eliminating waste while continuously increasing the percentage of value-added work. Methodologies include designing assembly and fabrication for short flows, creating kits of details and subassemblies, and preventing in-process defects.
(Black,J., Lean Production Implementing A world-Class System, pg.179, Industrial Press, Inc., 2008)

Cellular Manufacturing - The machines in a multi-station system with variable routing may be manually operated, semi-automatic, or fully automated. When manually aoperated or semi-automatic, the machine groups arte often called machine cells, and the use of these cells in a factory is called cellular manufacturing.
Cellular manufacturing is an application of group technology in which dissimilar machines or processes have been aggregated into cells, each of which is dedicated to the production of a part, product family, or limited group of families. The typical objectives in cellular manufacturing are similar to those group technology:
To shorten manufacturing lead times by reducing setup, workpart handling, waiting times, and batch sizes.
To reduce work-in-process inventory. Smaller batch sizes and shorter lead rines reduce work-in- process.
To improve quality. this is accomplished by allowing each cell to specialize in producing a smaller number of different parts. This reduces proces variability.
To simplify production scheduling. the similarity among parts in teh family reduces the complexity of production scheduling. Instead of scheduling parts through a sequence of machines in a process-type shop layout, the system simply schedules the parts though the cell.
To reduces setup times. This is accomplished by using group tooling (cutting tools, jigs, and fixtures) that have been designed to process the part famiy, rather than ğart tooling, which is designed for an individual part. this reduces the number of individual tools required as well as the time to change tooling between parts.
(Groover, M.P., Automation, Production Systems and Computer - Integrated Manufacturing, pg.376,518-519, Pearson Education Inc,2008)

Material requriements planning (MRP) - The process of comparing the master production schedule with on-hand and in-process inventories and orders to determine how many of each item in the bill of materials must be manufactured. The order quantity and latest order release date are also determined.
(Bedworth, D.D., Henderson M.R., Wolfe, P. M., Computer - Integrated Design and Manufacturing, McGraw-Hill,p, 299, 1991)

Virtual Prototyping- based on virtual reality technology, involves the use of the CAD geometric model to construct a digital mock-up of the product, enabling the designer and others to obtain the sensation of the real physical product without actually building the physical prototype. Virtual prototyping has been used in automotive industry to evaluate new car style designs. The observer of the virtual prototype is able to assess the appearance of the new design even though no physical model is on display. Other applications of virtual prototyping include checking the feasibility of assembly operations, for example, parts mating, access and clearance of parts during assembly, and assembly sequence.
(Groover, M.P., Automation, Production Systems and Computer - Integrated Manufacturing, pg.704, Pearson Education Inc,2008)