Cemre Ablay 030060150 First Week

Nanofabrication:

It is the most advanced technology and is capable of producing parts with dimensions a t the nano-level (one billionth); it typically involves processes such as etching techniques, electron-beams, and laser-beams. Present applications are in the fabrication of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and extending to nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), which operate on the same scale as biological molecules.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing Engineering And Technology, p. 21)

Point-to-Point System (Positioning System):

Point-to-Point System is one of the two basic types of control systems in numerical control. In this system each axis of the machine is driven separately by leadscrews and at different velocities, depending on the type of operation. The machine moves initially at maximum velocity in order to reduce nonproductive time but decelerates as the tool approaches its numerically defined position.

In operations the path followed from one position to another is important in only one respect: It must be chosen to minimize the time of travel for better efficiency. Point-to-point systems are used mainly in drilling, punching and straight milling operations.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing Engineering And Technology, p. 1157)

Contouring System (Continious Path System):

In a contouring system, both the positioning and the operations are performed along controlled paths but at different velocities. Because the tool acts as it travels along a prescribed path, accurate control and synchronization of velocities and movements are important.

The contouring system typically is used on lathes, milling machines, grinders, welding machinery and machining centers.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing Engineering And Technology, p. 1157)

Bed-of-Nails Device:

This fixture consists of a series of air-actuated pins that conform to the shape of the external surfaces of the part. Each pin moves as necessary to conform to the shape at its point of contact with the part. The pins are then mechanically locked against the part. The device is compact, has high stiffness and is reconfigurable.

(Kalpakjian S., Schmid S.R., Manufacturing Engineering And Technology, p. 1177)